Algebra is a fundamental concept in Mathematics at the secondary level. The focus of this study is on the four different main subtopics in algebra namely, factorisation, expansion, inequalities and algebraic application word problems. This study aims to investigate and identify misconceptions and common errors occurring among secondary school students as well as to suggest solutions to counter each respective common error found according to each subtopic. For the purpose of this study, a test paper was designed containing five questions. Each question consisted of one of the four main algebra subtopics and an additional fifth question on inequality. The test was disseminated to a mixed ability Year 10 class in Brunei Darussalam chosen by convenient sampling. The findings reported were from the qualitative analyses of the collected students’ work. Constant patterns of misconceptions and common errors emerging among the students were discerned and its findings were reported in this paper. According to the findings, generally, the students developed misconceptions that prevented them from achieving the required solutions. As a consequence, these misconceptions had strongly led the students towards the action of performing common errors in their workings. Hence, to overcome these consistently incorrect habits among students from arising in the future, the suggested solutions should be included in the teaching strategies as a guide for future educators of Mathematics.